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This volume is the first in-depth study of a recently discovered Sanskrit dharani spell text from around the 5th century CE surviving in two palm-leaf and three paper manuscript compendia from Nepal. This rare Buddhist scripture focuses on the ritual practice of thaumaturgic weather control for successful agriculture through overpowering mythical Nagas. Traditionally, these serpentine beings are held responsible for the amount of rainfall. The six chapters of the Vajratundasamayakalparaja present the vidyadhara spell-master as a ritualist who uses mandalas, mudras and other techniques to gain mastery over the Nagas and thus control the rains. By subjugating the Nagas, favourable weather and good crops are guaranteed. This links this incantation tradition to economic power and the securing of worldly support for the Buddhist community.

Australasian & Pacific history --- Buddhism --- Incantation. --- Indology. --- Nepal. --- Sanskrit.

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Le rite est volontiers abstrait de toute historicité, non seulement pour ses participants mais aussi pour nombre d’analystes qui y repèrent des archaïsmes disparus d’autres activités sociales. Sans nier la possibilité qu’existent de véritables pérennités formelles, alors même que le cadre et la fonction d’un rite changent nécessairement dans le temps, il a semblé aux auteurs de ce recueil que l’affirmation de telles continuités risquait de masquer le fait que les rites sont des élaborations sociales inscrites dans une histoire. Les études ici présentées se proposent par conséquent de restituer aux rites hindous cette double dimension sociale et historique, en insistant tout particulièrement sur leur circulation et les aménagements dont ils furent l’objet dans l’espace, la société et le temps. Les rites y sont envisagés comme objets d’imitations, d’emprunts, de modifications, de remaniements - ou de stratégies langagières, un terme prestigieux pouvant être appliqué à des rites qui, en fait, diffèrent profondément du « modèle » revendiqué. L’ouvrage comprend trois parties. « Genèses et transformations » rapporte des modifications rituelles au contexte social et/ou religieux de l’époque concernée. « Modèles du rite, rites modèles » aborde la modélisation des rites eux-mêmes, ou le recours à des rites hindous comme modèles d’autres pratiques. « Débattre des rites, débattre du passé » analyse la façon dont les participants à des rites, ou les commentateurs d’autrefois, élaborent leur relation au passé. Le rite est alors pensé dans ses modifications, témoignant d’une tension explicite entre idéalisation du passé et constat du changement.

Hinduism --- Hindouisme --- Customs and practices --- Rituals --- Coutumes et pratiques --- Rituel --- Religious ethnology --- Nepal --- Indonesia --- Malaisia --- Burma --- India --- Hinduism and culture. --- Religious life --- Rituals. --- Customs and practices. --- Social aspects. --- Hinduism. --- Religious life (Hinduism) --- Religions --- Brahmanism --- Culture and Hinduism --- Culture --- Hinduism - Rituals --- Hinduism - Customs and practices --- politique --- astrologie --- rite --- dévotion --- dieu --- texte sacré --- Rites et cérémonies --- Asie du Sud

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This edited volume evaluates recent EU quality policy, focusing on the structure, governance, technical specifications and performances – economic, environmental and social - of Food Quality Schemes (FQS) in the European Union and South East Asia. Initiatives such as EU Regulation No. 1151/2012 are relatively novel policies that seek to improve and promote the operation of schemes to protect geographical indications (GIs) for agri‐food products. The intended benefits of protecting GIs include generating a fair return for farmers and producers for the qualities of particular goods, and enabling consumers to make better‐informed purchasing choices through effective labeling. In addition, policy makers are now considering FQS as a means of not only guaranteeing quality in food production, but also sustainability. Despite these potential benefits, the economic performance of the FQS (e.g. PDO, PGI, organic) and individual GIs has been variable. While some GIs support significant value‐added production, with substantial benefits to producers, consumers and wider economies, many others have failed to become economically sustainable. In addition, the environmental and social performance of FQS remains largely unexamined, with the exception of the environmental performance of organic products which has been assessed in several instances through life cycle assessments. .

Agriculture. --- Food—Biotechnology. --- Environmental policy. --- Agricultural economics. --- Food Science. --- Environmental Policy. --- Agricultural Economics. --- Food --- Safety measures. --- Foods --- Dinners and dining --- Home economics --- Table --- Cooking --- Diet --- Dietaries --- Gastronomy --- Nutrition --- Agrarian question --- Agribusiness --- Agricultural economics --- Agricultural production economics --- Agriculture --- Production economics, Agricultural --- Land use, Rural --- Environment and state --- Environmental control --- Environmental management --- Environmental protection --- Environmental quality --- State and environment --- Environmental auditing --- Farming --- Husbandry --- Industrial arts --- Life sciences --- Food supply --- Economic aspects --- Government policy --- Agricultura sostenible --- Política alimentària --- Política ambiental --- Europa --- Àsia del Sud --- Política governamental --- Avaluació d'impacte ambiental --- Dret ambiental --- Ecotaxa --- Gestió ambiental --- Justícia ambiental --- Pagaments per serveis ambientals --- Planificació ambiental --- Política hidràulica --- Auditoria ambiental --- Llicències d'emissió transferibles --- Protecció ambiental --- Estat i medi ambient --- Medi ambient i Estat --- Ordenació ambiental --- Política del medi ambient --- Política ecològica --- Política mediambiental --- Política social --- Dret a l'alimentació --- Alimentació i Estat --- Estat i alimentació --- Política de la nutrició --- Política nutricional --- Agricultura --- Silvicultura sostenible --- Agricultura biològica --- Agricultura de conservació --- Desenvolupament sostenible --- Ecologia agrícola --- Sistemes agrícoles --- Agricultura alternativa --- Agricultura integrada --- Agricultura viable --- Conreus integrats --- Producció agrícola integrada --- Producció integrada (Agricultura) --- Àsia meridional --- Orient --- Bangla Desh --- Bhutan --- Índia --- Maldives --- Nepal --- Pakistan --- Sri Lanka --- Estats i territoris --- Euràsia --- Alps --- Camí de Sant Jaume --- Corredor Mediterrani --- Danubi (Europa : Curs d'aigua) --- Europa central --- Europa de l'Est --- Europa del Nord --- Europa del Sud --- Europa occidental --- Països de la Unió Europea --- Rin (Europa : Curs d'aigua) --- Roine (Europa : Curs d'aigua) --- Tràcia (Regió històrica)